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Thorn (þ) and eth (ð) interchangeable.

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C. Alphonso Smith, Old English Grammar and Exercise Book: wesan — Smith Chapter XXII, § 143; willan — Smith Chapter XXII, § 143; don — Smith Chapter XXII, § 143; gan — Smith Chapter XXII, § 143.

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Old English keyboard

Type ;a → æ, ;t → þ, ;d → ð, ;o → ǫ, ;; → ;. Shift gives capitals (;T → Þ, ;A → Æ).

Direct Unicode and paste supported. Thorn (þ) and eth (ð) interchangeable.

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Anomalous Verbs — Preterite Indicative (wesan, willan, don, gan)

Drill set · 4 paradigms · 16 forms

Core drill · 200×

0 / 200 correct repetitions

Order

Forms
Each 1sg → 2sg → 3sg → Plural

Models

wesan — Preterite Indicative (wesan) · 4 forms – / 200
willan — Preterite Indicative (willan) · 4 forms – / 200
don — Preterite Indicative (don) · 4 forms – / 200
gan — Preterite Indicative (gan) · 4 forms – / 200

0 / 16 forms · 4 lines

Anomalous Verbs — Preterite (bēon, willan, dōn, gān)

Historical Grammar

Anomalous Verbs. (See § 19.)

These are:

bēon (wesan), wæs, wǣron, —, to be.

willan, wolde, woldon, —, to will, intend.

dōn, dyde, dydon, gedōn, to do, cause.

gān, ēode, ēodon, gegān, to go.

NOTE.—In the original Indo-Germanic language, the first person of the present indicative singular ended in (1) ō or (2) mi. Cf. Gk. Λύ-ω, εί-µί, Lat. am-ō, su-m. The Strong and Weak Conjugations of O.E. are survivals of the ō-class. The four Anomalous Verbs mentioned above are the sole remains in O.E. of the mi-class. Note the surviving m in eom I am, and dōm I do (Northumbrian form). These mi-verbs are sometimes called non-Thematic to distinguish them from the Thematic or ō-verbs.

Loquentes Practice Reference

Smith gives no preterite conjugation for the anomalous verbs — he says only the present indicative and subjunctive are irregular — so there is no Smith preterite table to extract and none has been invented. His principal-parts lines above give the preterite singular and plural of each verb: wæs / wǣron, wolde / woldon, dyde / dydon, ēode / ēodon. The 2nd singular (-est) and the past participles our drill uses are formed regularly from those stems.