Historical Grammar
187. Inflection of sum in the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect indicative:
1. Note carefully the changing accent in the perfect.
2. Observe that the pluperfect may be formed by adding eram, the imperfect of sum, to the perfect stem. The tense sign is -erā-.
3. Observe that the future perfect may be formed by adding erō, the future of sum, to the perfect stem. But the third person plural ends in -erint, not in -erunt. The tense sign is -eri-.
4. All active perfects, pluperfects, and future perfects are formed on the perfect stem and inflected in the same way.
| Person | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1st Person | amāverō | amāverimus |
| 2nd Person | amāveris | amāveritis |
| 3rd Person | amāverit | amāverint |
Loquentes Practice Reference
Our drill practices laudō, moneō, dūcō, audiō, and capiō. D'Ooge's historical paradigm above illustrates the tense with the canonical First Conjugation model amō.