Syntax & Usage — Wülfing

Loquentes translation and abridgement from Wülfing. Repetitive example catalogues are condensed; Wülfing’s conceptual discussion is retained. The full cleaned German extract appears below in the collapsible block.

Part One: Chapter Three: The Dative. C. The Dative with Verbs.

The dative case in Old English functions as the true personal object of verbs, having essentially personal reference; where inanimate objects stand in the dative, they acquire a personal colouring (Grimm). Verbs governing the dative fall into fourteen distinct semantic groups:

§ 66 1. Verbs of flattering, sacrificing, blaming, avenging, punishing, threatening: - ætwitan (blame, reproach): to hwam ætwite þu me ær þæt þu (wherefore didst thou reproach me before that thou . . .); forhwy ætwite ge eowerre wyrde, þæt hio nan geweald nah (why blame ye your fate, that she hath no power?); and he ætwat eac him sylfum, þæt he ne hreowsode his synna (and he reproached also himself, that he repented not of his sins). - blotan (sacrifice unto): þæt hie hiera godum þe ieð blotan mehten (that they might the more easily sacrifice unto their gods); þæt hie him þagit swiþor ofreden & bloten (that they should yet more offer and sacrifice unto them); Rædgota wæs blotende diofolgildum mid monslihtum (Radagaisus was daily sacrificing unto idols with slaughters). - oliccan (flatter): he olicce ðæm monnum (he flattereth men); he olicð eallum (he flattereth all). - tælan (censure, blame): he tælð ðæm oðrum (he blameth the others). - witan (reproach, blame): hie hit him witan woldon (they would impute it to him). - wrecan (avenge): þæt þu hit him wræce mid þinre handa (that thou avenge it upon him with thine hand).

§ 67 2. Verbs of sparing, protecting, helping, comforting, profiting, harming, grieving: - abelgan (anger, offend): þæt mon nanum cristenum men ne abulge (that no man should offend any Christian man); hwi irsast þu wið us, on hwam abulgon we þe (why art thou angry with us, wherein have we offended thee?). - arian (spare, show mercy to): þæt he arede ðære byrig (that he would spare the city); he him arian wolde (he would spare them); God arað þæm godum (God spareth the good). - beorgan (protect, defend, preserve): þæt he mehte beorgan his agnum feore (that he might protect his own life); þæt he wolde his feore beorgan (that he would save his life). - derian (injure, hurt): nanwuht him derode (naught harmed him); þæt nanwuht ne mæg derian þære sawle (that naught may hurt the soul). - fremian (benefit, profit): me nauht ne fremede (it profited me naught); hit mæg fremian ælcum men (it may profit every man). - gehelpan, helpan (help, succor): help þu earmum (help thou the wretched); gehelp us nu (help us now); he him gehelpan ne meahte (he could not help them). - sceððan (harm, injure): him sceððan mihte (might harm him); nan yfel ne mæg sceððan þæm godan (no evil can harm the good). - spowan (prosper, succeed): hu him speow ðære godcundan lare (how he prospered in the divine doctrine); þæt him heora gewin swa wel speow (that their war succeeded so well for them).

§ 68 3. Verbs of ruling, guiding, and governing: - astyran (steer, govern): þu astyrst & wildest eallum þis middangearde (thou steerest and rulest all this earth). - gestieran, stieran (restrain, control, govern): gif him Scipia ne gestirde (had not Scipio restrained them); Burgendum he gestierde þæt hie on Gallie ne wunnon (he restrained the Burgundians from warring against Gaul); ðæm scamleasan ne wyrð no gestiered butan micelre tælinge (the shameless is not restrained without great reproof); ða witu gestirdon oþrum þæt hi swa don ne dorsten (the punishments deterred others that they durst not do so). - reccan (rule, direct): God receð eallum gesceaftum (God ruleth all creatures). - wealdan, gewieldan (wield, govern): he welt eallum his gesceaftum (he ruleth all his creatures); he ealle ðing gebirht & eallum welt (he enlighteneth all things and ruleth over all); se wylt eallum gesceaftum (he who ruleth all creatures).

§ 69 4. Verbs of speaking, answering, commanding, and declaring: The person addressed or spoken to stands in the dative: - andettan, ondettan (confess, acknowledge to): ic þe soðlice andette, þæt ic (I truly confess to thee, that I . . .); ondette him & sægde þæt he (confessed to him and said that he . . .); nu ic ðe andette þæt ic (now I confess to thee that I . . .); ic þe andette þæt ic hine wolde lufian (I confess to thee that I would love him). - andswarian, ondswarian (answer): andswearedon Scottas him (the Scots answered them); ða andswarede him Scs. Albanus (then answered him St. Alban); ondswarede se biscop him (the bishop answered him). - beodan, gebeodan (command, bid): bead he him þæt hi swa dydon (he bade them do so); hie budon him þæt he on Perse wunne (they commanded him to war against the Persians). - bodian (preach, announce to): he him bodade lifes word (he preached unto them the word of life); he bodode his geferum (he preached to his companions). - cyðan, gecyðan (make known to): he cyðde his geferum (he made known to his fellows); ic cyðe eallum monnum (I make known unto all men). - læran (teach, impart doctrine to): he lærde ðæm folce Cristes geleafan (he taught the faith of Christ to the people). - secgan, gesecgan (say, tell unto): swyðe sægde his biscope (earnestly told his bishop); ða gesægde he his geferum (then said he to his companions); ic secge eallum monnum (I say unto all men). - swerian (swear unto): se þe swereð his nehstan (he that sweareth unto his neighbor).

§ 70 5. Verbs of obeying, following, serving, and their opposites: - abugan (bow before, submit to): þæt folc nolde ær Gode abugan (the people would not before submit to God). - æfterfylgian (follow after): æfterfylgende his bisenes (following his example). - folgian, fylgian (follow): he folgode Cristes lare (he followed Christ's doctrine); folgiað þæm wisdome (follow wisdom). - geheran, hyran (hear, obey): se þe him hyran wolde (he who would obey him); hie hyrað his bebodum (they obey his commandments); ealle gesceafta hirað Gode (all creatures obey God). - gehyrsumian, hyrsumian (be obedient unto): se þe him hyrsum beon wolde (he who would be obedient unto him); hi hyrsumiað his bebodum (they obey his commands). - underþeodan (subject oneself to): he hine underþeodde his wisdome (he subjected himself to his wisdom). - þeowian (serve): hi þeowedon Gode (they served God); nan Godes þeow ne mæg twam hlafordum þeowian (no servant of God can serve two masters); we sceolon þeowian Gode (we ought to serve God).

§ 71 6. Verbs of showing, approaching, joining, and comparing: - ætywan, oðiewan (show, manifest unto): he ætywde him ða stowe (he showed unto them the place); ic þe oðiewe þa bysne (I show thee the example). - ætfeolan (cleave to, apply oneself to): he ætfealh his gebedum (he applied himself to his prayers). - cuman, tobecuman (come unto): þa com him ætnyhstan on mod (then came it at last into his mind); þa com him to sum wisdom (then came there unto him a certain wisdom). - genealæcan (approach unto): genealæcte him se biscop (the bishop approached him). - geþeodan (join, unite unto): þæt hy þæm halgan hlafe gemæne geþeoddan (that they partook together of the holy bread). - wiðmetan (compare with): þeah þe mon wiðmete oðrum mannum (though one compare [him] with other men).

§ 72 7. Verbs of trusting, believing, and doubting: - fultruwian (fully trust in): ic nat hwi ge fultruwiaþ þam hreosendan welan (I know not why ye fully trust in perishing riches). - geliefan, gelyfan (believe in, give credence to): gif hie þonne him ne geliefen (if they then believe him not); þe his wordum ne geliefen (who believe not his words); gelief me nu (believe me now); þæt dysige folc him gelyfde (the foolish folk believed him). - getreowan, treowan (trust): hie ne truwiað nanum men (they trust no man); on ðe ic treowie (in thee do I trust). - tweon (doubt, impersonal): ðe me ymb tweoþ (concerning which I am in doubt).

§ 73 8. Verbs of pleasing, displeasing, and sufficing: - cweman, gecweman (please): he him cweman þohte (he thought to please them); ic wilnige on eallum þingum ðæt ic monnum cweme & licige (I desire in all things to please and be acceptable to men); manege tiligaþ Gode to cwemanne (many strive to please God). - gelican, lician (please, be pleasing unto): hit gelicode þæm cyninge (it pleased the king); licode eallum gesceaftum (pleased all creatures). - mislician (displease): gif us ðæt ne mislicað ðæt us ær licode (if that mislike us not which formerly pleased us).

§ 74 9. Verbs of permitting, granting, and forgiving: - alyfan, aliefan (allow, permit): him eac alyfed biþ (it is also permitted unto him); Philippus aliefde eallum Crecum þæt (Philip permitted all the Greeks that . . .); þæt men seo alefed yfel to donne (that it be permitted unto men to do evil). - forgiefan (forgive, grant): he him forgeaf his synna (he forgave him his sins); ðonne ne bið hit no us færgiefen (then will it by no means be forgiven us). - geðafian (permit, consent to): þæt he þæt ilce yfel ne geþafige (that he consent not to that same evil). - unnan (grant, vouchsafe): he him geuþe his bene (he granted him his petition).

§ 75 10. Miscellaneous dative constructions (dative of interest, ethical dative, reflexive expressions): - don (do good/evil unto): he dyde micel god his folce (he did much good unto his people). - feohtan (fight for, on behalf of): hie feahton heora hlaforde (they fought for their lord). - gyldan (render, repay unto): se gylt ælcum æfter his gewyrhtum (he rendereth unto every man according to his works); þæt he him mæge gyldan be heora gewyrhtum (that he may repay them according to their deeds). - singan (sing unto): ic synge Drihtne (I sing unto the Lord).

§ 76 11. Impersonal verbs governing the dative: - gebyrian (befall, befit, happen): þa Philippuse gebyrede þæt he (when it befell Philip that he . . .); oft ðonne hwæm gebyreð þæt he hwæt mærlices & wunderlices gedeð (often when it befalleth anyone that he doth somewhat glorious and wonderful); hwilum gebyrede þam heardselegan (at times it befell the unfortunate). - gedafenian (befit, be proper unto): þæt nænig þing ne gedafenade swa æþelum cyninge (that in no wise befitted so noble a king); hit bið swiðe gedafe ðæm lareowe (it is very becoming unto the teacher). - gelimpan (happen, occur unto): him gelomp sum wundor (a wonder occurred unto him); him gelamp micel yfel (a great misfortune befell them). - ofþyncan (displease, vex): him ofþuhte his unhælo (his infirmity vexed him). - þyncan (seem, appear unto): me nu þynceþ & bet licað (it seemeth now to me and better pleaseth me); me þincð nu þæt (it seemeth to me now that . . .).

§ 77 12. The copula beon/wesan with the dative: - Dative of possession and interest (belong to, fall to the lot of): me nis tweo (to me there is no doubt); þæt feower dælas beon sceole, an ærest bisceope & his hirede (that there should be four parts, one first for the bishop and his household); him bið genog (he shall have enough); him ne bið nan rest (unto them there is no rest). - Dative with beon and to + inflected infinitive (duty, necessity): is ælcum men to witanne (it is for every man to know); is eallum monnum to smeaganne (it is for all men to consider).

§ 78 13. Verbs governing both a dative and an accusative: Many transitive verbs regularly take a dative of the person (recipient, indirect object) and an accusative of the thing (direct object): - ætwitan (reproach someone with something): him ætwat his synna (reproached him with his sins). - beodan (offer, announce something to someone): hie budon him þæt he on Perse wunne (they offered him command to war against the Persians). - forgiefan (give, forgive): he him forgeaf ealle his synna (he forgave him all his sins); he wæs Romanum swa forgiefen & swa milde (he was so forgiving and so mild toward the Romans). - gehatan (promise something to someone): he him gehet þæt he swa don wolde (he promised him that he would do so). - sellan (give, present something to someone): ælmessan sealde þearfum (gave alms unto the poor); hu se argeotere geworhte anes fearres onlicnesse þæm æþelinge (how the brass-founder made the likeness of a bull for the prince); ne wyrc þu þe gyldne godas (make not for thyself golden gods). - wyscan (wish something for someone): þa Apostolas and þa eldran broðor hælo eow wyscað (the Apostles and elder brethren wish you health).

§ 79 14. Verbs with dative of person and genitive of thing: For those verbs which combine a dative of the person with a genitive of the thing, see the detailed treatment in Part One, §§ 25–34 (verbs of imparting, denying, helping, depriving, and thanking).

Examples

to hwam ætwite þu me ær þæt þu . . . .

forhwy ætwite ge eowerre wyrde, þæt hio nan geweald nah

and he ætwat eac him sylfum, þæt he ne hreowsode his synna

þæt hie hiera godum þe ieð blotan mehten

þæt hie him þagit swiþor ofreden & bloten

Rædgota . . . dæghwamlice wæs blotende diofolgildum mid monslihtum

he olicce ðæm monnum

he olicð eallum

he tælð ðæm oðrum

hie hit him witan woldon

þæt þu hit him wræce mid þinre handa

þæt mon nanum cristenum men ne abulge

hwi irsast þu wið us, on hwam abulgon we þe

þæt he arede ðære byrig

he him arian wolde

God arað þæm godum

þæt he mehte beorgan his agnum feore

þæt he wolde his feore beorgan

nanwuht him derode

þæt nanwuht ne mæg derian þære sawle

me nauht ne fremede

hit mæg fremian ælcum men

help þu earmum

gehelp us nu

he him gehelpan ne meahte

him sceððan mihte

nan yfel ne mæg sceððan þæm godan

hu him speow ðære godcundan lare

þæt him heora gewin swa wel speow

þu astyrst & wildest eallum þis middangearde

gif him Scipia ne gestirde

Burgendum he gestierde þæt hie on Gallie ne wunnon

ðæm scamleasan ne wyrð no gestiered butan micelre tælinge

ða witu gestirdon oþrum þæt hi swa don ne dorsten

God receð eallum gesceaftum

he welt eallum his gesceaftum

he ealle ðing gebirht & eallum welt

se wylt eallum gesceaftum

ic þe soðlice andette, þæt ic . . . .

ondette him & sægde þæt he . . .

nu ic ðe andette þæt ic . . . .

ic þe andette þæt ic hine wolde lufian

andswearedon Scottas him

ða andswarede him Scs. Albanus

ondswarede se biscop him

bead he him þæt hi swa dydon

hie budon him þæt he on Perse wunne

he him bodade lifes word

he bodode his geferum

he cyðde his geferum

ic cyðe eallum monnum

he lærde ðæm folce Cristes geleafan

swyðe sægde his biscope

ða gesægde he his geferum

ic secge eallum monnum

se þe swereð his nehstan

þæt folc nolde ær Gode abugan

æfterfylgende his bisenes

he folgode Cristes lare

folgiað þæm wisdome

se þe him hyran wolde

hie hyrað his bebodum

ealle gesceafta hirað Gode

se þe him hyrsum beon wolde

hi hyrsumiað his bebodum

he hine underþeodde his wisdome

hi þeowedon Gode

nan Godes þeow ne mæg twam hlafordum þeowian

we sceolon þeowian Gode

he ætywde him ða stowe

ic þe oðiewe þa bysne

he ætfealh his gebedum

þa com him ætnyhstan on mod

þa com him to sum wisdom

genealæcte him se biscop

þæt hy þæm halgan hlafe gemæne geþeoddan

þeah þe mon wiðmete oðrum mannum

ic nat hwi ge fultruwiaþ þam hreosendan welan

gif hie þonne him ne geliefen

þe his wordum ne geliefen

gelief me nu

þæt dysige folc him gelyfde

hie ne truwiað nanum men

on ðe ic treowie

ðe me ymb tweoþ

he him cweman þohte

ic wilnige on eallum þingum ðæt ic monnum cweme & licige

manege tiligaþ Gode to cwemanne

hit gelicode þæm cyninge

licode eallum gesceaftum

gif us ðæt ne mislicað ðæt us ær licode

him eac alyfed biþ

Philippus aliefde eallum Crecum þæt . . .

þæt men seo alefed yfel to donne

he him forgeaf his synna

ðonne ne bið hit no us færgiefen

þæt he þæt ilce yfel ne geþafige

he him geuþe his bene

he dyde micel god his folce

hie feahton heora hlaforde

se gylt ælcum æfter his gewyrhtum

þæt he him mæge gyldan be heora gewyrhtum

ic synge Drihtne

þa Philippuse gebyrede þæt he . . .

oft ðonne hwæm gebyreð þæt he hwæt mærlices & wunderlices gedeð

hwilum gebyrede þam heardselegan

þæt nænig þing ne gedafenade swa æþelum cyninge

hit bið swiðe gedafe ðæm lareowe

him gelomp sum wundor

him gelamp micel yfel

him ofþuhte his unhælo

me nu þynceþ & bet licað

me þincð nu þæt . . . .

me nis tweo

þæt feower dælas beon sceole, an ærest bisceope & his hirede

him bið genog

him ne bið nan rest

is ælcum men to witanne

is eallum monnum to smeaganne

him ætwat his synna

hie budon him þæt he on Perse wunne

he him forgeaf ealle his synna

he wæs Romanum swa forgiefen & swa milde

he him gehet þæt he swa don wolde

ælmessan sealde þearfum

hu se argeotere geworhte anes fearres onlicnesse þæm æþelinge

ne wyrc þu þe gyldne godas

þa Apostolas and þa eldran broðor hælo eow wyscað

Original German — Wülfing

C. Der Dativ bei Zeitwörtern. Der Dativ erscheint als Objekt von Zeitwörtern und hat dann „seinem Wesen nach etwas persönliches; sächliche Dative erhalten gleichsam persönliche Färbung.“ (Grimm, Gr. IV, S. 684 f.). Die Zeitwörter teile ich, im Anschlusse an Grimm, in Gruppen ein:

§ 66 1. Wirklicher Dativ steht zunächst bei solchen Zeitwörtern wie schmeicheln, opfern, tadeln, rächen, bestrafen, bedrohen: a. ætwitan, tadeln, vorwerfen. Was man tadelt, steht im Akk., s. § 78. Bo. 28, 27 to hwam ætwite þu me ær þæt þu . . . .; 324, 4 forhwy ætwite ge eowerre wyrde, þæt hio nan geweald nah; Ps. 31, ü. and he ætwat eac him sylfum, þæt he ne hreowsode his synna; b. blotan, opfern. Vgl. § 78. Or. 64, 29 þæt hie hiera godum þe ieð blotan mehten; 162, 30 þæt hie him þagit swiþor ofreden & bloten; 296, 13 Rædgota . . . dæghwamlice wæs blotende diofolgildum mid monslihtum; c. oliccan, schmeicheln. Cp. 142, 23 he olicce ðæm monnum; Bo. 24, 18 he olicð eallum; d. tælan, tadeln. Cp. 132, 23 he tælð ðæm oðrum; e. witan, vorwerfen, tadeln. Or. 164, 25 hie hit him witan woldon; f. wrecan, rächen. Ps. 9, 34 þæt þu hit him wræce mid þinre handa. […]

§ 67 2. In eine zweite Gruppe ordne ich Zeitwörter wie schonen, beschützen, verteidigen, helfen, trösten, versorgen, nützen, schaden, vernachlässigen, verraten, belügen, quälen u. ä.: a. abelgan, reizen, quälen, erzürnen. Or. 266, 10 þæt mon nanum cristenum men ne abulge; Bo. 34, 22 hwi irsast þu wið us, on hwam abulgon we þe; b. arian, schonen, verschonen. Be. 483, 10 þæt he arede ðære byrig; Or. 144, 29 he him arian wolde; Bo. 356, 14 God arað þæm godum; c. beorgan, schützen, schonen. Or. 196, 15 þæt he mehte beorgan his agnum feore; Cp. 230, 9 þæt he wolde his feore beorgan; d. derian, schaden. Be. 493, 24 nanwuht him derode; Bo. 46, 2 þæt nanwuht ne mæg derian þære sawle; e. fremian, nützen, frommen. Be. 513, 28 me nauht ne fremede; Bo. 316, 21 hit mæg fremian ælcum men; f. gehelpan, helpan, helfen. Be. 518, 26 help þu earmum; Or. 80, 11 gehelp us nu; Bo. 238, 20 he him gehelpan ne meahte; g. sceððan, schaden. Be. 481, 23 him sceððan mihte; Bo. 250, 15 nan yfel ne mæg sceððan þæm godan; h. spowan, gelingen, Erfolg haben. Be. 547, 43 hu him speow ðære godcundan lare; Or. 116, 29 þæt him heora gewin swa wel speow. […]

§ 68 3. Den Dativ haben ferner die Zeitwörter des Lenkens und Waltens: a. astyran, lenken. So. 168, 9 þu astyrst & wildest eallum þis middangearde; b. gestieran, stieran, lenken, leiten, abhalten. Or. 190, 21 gif him Scipia ne gestirde; 288, 23 Burgendum he gestierde þæt hie on Gallie ne wunnon; Cp. 204, 22 ðæm scamleasan ne wyrð no gestiered butan micelre tælinge; Bo. 350, 28 ða witu gestirdon oþrum þæt hi swa don ne dorsten; c. reccan, lenken, walten. Bo. 254, 25 God receð eallum gesceaftum; d. wealdan, gewieldan, herrschen über, walten. Bo. VIII, 22 he welt eallum his gesceaftum; 226, 24 he ealle ðing gebirht & eallum welt; Ps. 8, ü. se wylt eallum gesceaftum. […]

§ 69 4. Bei Zeitwörtern des Sagens, Antwortens, Befehlens u. ä. der mündlichen Äuſserung steht die Person, an die sich diese Äuſserung richtet, im Dativ: a. andettan, ondettan, gestehen, beichten. Be. 516, 2 ic þe soðlice andette, þæt ic . . . .; 591, 38 ondette him & sægde þæt he . . .; Bo. 248, 23 nu ic ðe andette þæt ic . . . .; So. 177, 9 ic þe andette þæt ic hine wolde lufian; b. andswarian, ondswarian, antworten. Be. 474, 12 andswearedon Scottas him; 477, 27 ða andswarede him Scs. Albanus; 507, 16 ondswarede se biscop him; c. beodan, gebeodan, gebieten, befehlen. Be. 487, 19 bead he him þæt hi swa dydon; Or. 178, 18 hie budon him þæt he on Perse wunne; d. bodian, verkünden. Be. 490, 22 he him bodade lifes word; Cp. 312, 9 he bodode his geferum; e. cyðan, gecyðan, kundtun, verkünden. Be. 486, 23 he cyðde his geferum; Bo. 368, 13 ic cyðe eallum monnum; f. læran, lehren. Be. 526, 42 he lærde ðæm folce Cristes geleafan; g. secgan, gesecgan, sagen. Be. 471, 24 swyðe sægde his biscope; 481, 3 ða gesægde he his geferum; Bo. 24, 18 ic secge eallum monnum; h. swerian, schwören. Ps. 14, 6 se þe swereð his nehstan. […]

§ 70 5. Wirklicher Dativ steht auch bei den Zeitwörtern des Gehorchens, Folgens, Dienens u. ä. und deren Gegenteil: a. abugan, sich beugen vor. Or. 38, 17 þæt folc nolde ær Gode abugan; b. æfterfylgian, æfterfolgian, nachfolgen. Be. 544, 13 æfterfylgende his bisenes; c. folgian, fylgian, folgen. Be. 488, 29 he folgode Cristes lare; Bo. 224, 12 folgiað þæm wisdome; d. geheran, hyran, gehorchen, zuhören. Be. 486, 26 se þe him hyran wolde; Cp. 196, 12 hie hyrað his bebodum; Bo. 186, 28 ealle gesceafta hirað Gode; e. gehyrsumian, hyrsumian, gehorchen. Be. 486, 26 se þe him hyrsum beon wolde; Bo. 238, 12 hi hyrsumiað his bebodum; f. underþeodan, sich unterwerfen, dienen. Be. 546, 25 he hine underþeodde his wisdome; g. þeowian, dienen. Be. 488, 20 hi þeowedon Gode; Cp. 130, 1 nan Godes þeow ne mæg twam hlafordum þeowian; Bo. 240, 15 we sceolon þeowian Gode. […]

§ 71 6. Bei den Zeitwörtern des Zeigens, Näherns, Entfernens u. ä. steht ein Dativ, der vielleicht bei den zuletzt genannten ablativisch ist: a. ætywan, æteowan, oðiewan, zeigen, offenbaren. Be. 490, 12 he ætywde him ða stowe; Bo. 120, 14 ic þe oðiewe þa bysne; b. ætfeolan, anhaften, sich widmen. Be. 545, 23 he ætfealh his gebedum; c. cuman, tobecuman, kommen zu. Be. 530, 19 þa com him ætnyhstan on mod; Bo. 14, 2 þa com him to sum wisdom; d. genealæcan, sich nähern. Be. 511, 24 genealæcte him se biscop; e. geþeodan, hinzufügen, verbinden mit. Be. 507, 24 þæt hy þæm halgan hlafe gemæne geþeoddan; f. wiðmetan, vergleichen. Be. 621, 35 þeah þe mon wiðmete oðrum mannum. […]

§ 72 7. Die Zeitwörter des Trauens und Glaubens u. ä., und deren Gegenteil, haben einen Dativ (der Person) bei sich: a. fultruwian, ganz vertrauen. Bo. 146, 6 ic nat hwi ge fultruwiaþ þam hreosendan welan; b. geliefan, gelyfan, glauben. Or. 214, 14 gif hie þonne him ne geliefen; Cp. 24, 2 þe his wordum ne geliefen; Bo. 66, 20 gelief me nu; 300, 14 þæt dysige folc him gelyfde; c. getreowan, treowan, truwian, vertrauen. Bo. 24, 16 hie ne truwiað nanum men; Ps. 24, 1 on ðe ic treowie; d. tweon, tweogan, zweifeln (unpersönlich). Bo. 378, 28 ðe me ymb tweoþ. […]

§ 73 8. Der Dativ steht auch bei den Zeitwörtern des Gefallens und Miſsfallens: a. cweman, gecweman, gefallen. Or. 54, 21 he him cweman þohte; Cp. 146, 20 ic wilnige on eallum þingum ðæt ic monnum cweme & licige; Bo. 348, 30 manege tiligaþ Gode to cwemanne; b. gelican, lician, gefallen. Be. 500, 24 hit gelicode þæm cyninge; Bo. 72, 16 licode eallum gesceaftum; c. mislician, missfallen. Cp. 425, 4 gif us ðæt ne mislicað ðæt us ær licode. […]

§ 74 9. Der Dativ steht ferner bei den Zeitwörtern des Erlaubens, Zustimmens, Verbietens u. ä.: a. alyfan, aliefan, erlauben. Be. 496, 18 him eac alyfed biþ; Or. 118, 9 Philippus aliefde eallum Crecum þæt . . .; Bo. 316, 8 þæt men seo alefed yfel to donne; b. forgiefan, vergeben, verzeihen. Be. 493, 10 he him forgeaf his synna; Cp. 425, 5 ðonne ne bið hit no us færgiefen; c. geðafian, gestatten, erlauben. Bo. 82, 10 þæt he þæt ilce yfel ne geþafige; d. unnan, gönnen, gewähren. Be. 524, 10 he him geuþe his bene. […]

§ 75 10. Andere Verbindungen des Dativs mit Zeitwörtern (Dativus commodi oder incommodi, ethischer Dativ, reflexive Wendungen): a. don, tun für. Be. 518, 30 he dyde micel god his folce; b. feohtan, kämpfen für. Or. 112, 12 hie feahton heora hlaforde; c. gyldan, vergelten. Bo. 370, 27 se gylt ælcum æfter his gewyrhtum; Ps. 10, 6 þæt he him mæge gyldan be heora gewyrhtum; d. singan, singen zu Ehren. Ps. 26, 8 ic synge Drihtne. […]

§ 76 11. Unpersönliche Zeitwörter mit dem Dativ: a. gebyrian, zukommen, gebühren. Or. 118, 32 þa Philippuse gebyrede þæt he . . .; Cp. 38, 6 oft ðonne hwæm gebyreð þæt he hwæt mærlices & wunderlices gedeð; Bo. 174, 12 hwilum gebyrede þam heardselegan; b. gedafenian, sich gebühren. Be. 514, 38 þæt nænig þing ne gedafenade swa æþelum cyninge; Cp. 447, 24 hit bið swiðe gedafe ðæm lareowe; c. gelimpan, geschehen, widerfahren. Be. 477, 10 him gelomp sum wundor; Bo. 48, 12 him gelamp micel yfel; d. ofþyncan, missfallen, reuen. Be. 568, 11 him ofþuhte his unhælo; e. þyncan, dünken, scheinen. Be. 489, 37 me nu þynceþ & bet licað; Bo. 104, 25 me þincð nu þæt . . . . […]

§ 77 12. Das Hilfszeitwort beon (wesan) erscheint mit dem Dativ in verschiedenen Bedeutungen: a. beon bezeichnet zugehören, zu Teil werden u. ä. (Dativ des Besitzes): Be. 489, 2 me nis tweo; 489, 7 þæt feower dælas beon sceole, an ærest bisceope & his hirede; Bo. 146, 12 him bið genog; Ps. 102, 16 him ne bið nan rest; b. beon mit Dativ und to + Infinitiv (Notwendigkeit oder Bestimmung): Bo. 82, 19 is ælcum men to witanne; Cp. 126, 10 is eallum monnum to smeaganne. […]

§ 78 13. Mit einem Dativ und einem Akkusativ nebeneinander erscheinen zahlreiche transitive Verba: a. ætwitan, vorwerfen. Cp. 443, 10 him ætwat his synna; b. beodan, gebeodan, bieten, befehlen. Or. 178, 18 hie budon him þæt he on Perse wunne; c. forgiefan, vergeben, schenken. Be. 493, 10 he him forgeaf ealle his synna; Or. 254, 22 he wæs Romanum swa forgiefen & swa milde; d. gehatan, versprechen. Be. 513, 6 he him gehet þæt he swa don wolde; e. sellan, geben, überreichen. Be. 533, 25 ælmessan sealde þearfum; Or. 2, 7 hu se argeotere geworhte anes fearres onlicnesse þæm æþelinge; Le. 58, 10 ne wyrc þu þe gyldne godas; f. wyscan, wünschen. Le. 64, 3 þa Apostolas and þa eldran broðor hælo eow wyscað. […]

§ 79 14. Über diejenigen Zeitwörter, die neben einem Genitiv der Sache einen Dativ der Person bei sich haben, vgl. §§ 25—34. Über den reflexiven Dativ werde ich beim Zeitworte handeln.

Source: Johann Ernst Wülfing, Die Syntax in den Werken Alfreds des Grossen, vol. 1, pp. 76-133, §§ 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79 (Der Dativ bei Zeitwörtern). Scan authority: archive.org diesyntaxindenw02wlgoog; OCR extraction aid: Google Books McUqAAAAMAAJ. Translator: Loquentes. Printed edition in the US public domain.